Modeling the Nonlinearities in Horn Loudspeakers

Klippel W. Modeling the Nonlinearities in Horn Loudspeakers. J Audio Eng Soc. 1996;44(6):470-480. Available from: https://aes.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=7896

@article{Klippel1996_7896,
  author = {Klippel, Wolfgang},
  title = {{Modeling the Nonlinearities in Horn Loudspeakers}},
  journal = {Journal of the Audio Engineering Society},
  volume = {44},
  number = {6},
  pages = {470--480},
  year = {1996},
  month = jun,
  publisher = {Audio Engineering Society},
  url = {https://aes.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=7896}
}

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Modeling the Nonlinearities in Horn Loudspeakers
AU  - Klippel, Wolfgang
T2  - Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
J2  - J. Audio Eng. Soc.
VL  - 44
IS  - 6
SP  - 470
EP  - 480
PY  - 1996
DA  - 1996/06/06
UR  - https://aes.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=7896
PB  - Audio Engineering Society
LA  - en
AB  - Nonlinearities in horn loudspeakers are modeled by electromechanical-acoustical analogous circuits with lumped parameters as well as by block-oriented systems composed of linear dynamic subsystems and nonlinear static subsystems. The nonlinear parameters are developed by a power series expansion, and the second- and third-order system functions based on a Volterra series approach are presented. These higher order system functions allow a quantitative prediction of the harmonic and intermodulation distortion in the radiated sound pressure signal and show in principle the characteristic steady-state response of the nonlinear distortion for each nonlinearity. This information is helpful for interpreting the results of nonlinear distortion measurements and determining the dominant nonlinearities in horn loudspeakers. The structure of the derived system models is valuable a priori information for performing system identification to verify the modeling and to determine relevant loudspeaker parameters.
ER  -