Modeling and Design of a Single-Driver Near-Field Sound Source With an Acoustic Resistance Box in Cars

Chen R, Yang Z, Tao J, Qiu X. Modeling and Design of a Single-Driver Near-Field Sound Source With an Acoustic Resistance Box in Cars. J Audio Eng Soc. 2026;74(9):647-658. doi:10.17743/jaes.2026.0296

@article{Chen2026_23441,
  author = {Chen, Ruoyan and Yang, Ziyi and Tao, Jiancheng and Qiu, Xiaojun},
  title = {{Modeling and Design of a Single-Driver Near-Field Sound Source With an Acoustic Resistance Box in Cars}},
  journal = {Journal of the Audio Engineering Society},
  volume = {74},
  number = {9},
  pages = {647--658},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  publisher = {Audio Engineering Society},
  doi = {10.17743/jaes.2026.0296},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2026.0296}
}

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Modeling and Design of a Single-Driver Near-Field Sound Source With an Acoustic Resistance Box in Cars
AU  - Chen, Ruoyan
AU  - Yang, Ziyi
AU  - Tao, Jiancheng
AU  - Qiu, Xiaojun
T2  - Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
J2  - J. Audio Eng. Soc.
VL  - 74
IS  - 9
SP  - 647
EP  - 658
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/16
DO  - 10.17743/jaes.2026.0296
UR  - https://doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2026.0296
PB  - Audio Engineering Society
LA  - en
AB  - Near-field sources generate more sound energy at the target seat with minimal interference at others and are now sought after for local active noise control and personal audio zones in automotive cabins. In this paper, a cost-effective design of near-field sound sources in a car is proposed that uses only a single loudspeaker driver and a back-vented box loaded with porous materials. To avoid the difficulties in modeling the porous material inside the source, a method is developed to model the sound source and to deduce the volume-velocity ratio between the loudspeaker diaphragm and the box vent based on measured free-field sound pressures and a finite element model. Using several deduced volume-velocity ratios, two near-field sound sources are designed and installed at the headrest of the front-right seat in a car by optimizing the internal material thicknesses in the loudspeaker box. Experiments have been conducted to validate the modeling method and demonstrate that the proposed single-driver near-field sound sources improve acoustic contrast by 4.0 dB compared with conventional closed-box loudspeakers within the 125–500-Hz octave bands.
ER  -