Testing Auditory Illusions in Augmented Reality: Plausibility, Transfer-Plausibility, and Authenticity

Meyer-Kahlen N, Schlecht SJ, Amengual Garí SV, Lokki T. Testing Auditory Illusions in Augmented Reality: Plausibility, Transfer-Plausibility, and Authenticity. J Audio Eng Soc. 2024;72(11):797-812. doi:10.17743/jaes.2022.0178

@article{MeyerKahlen2024_22780,
  author = {Meyer-Kahlen, Nils and Schlecht, Sebastian J. and Amengual Garí, Sebastià V. and Lokki, Tapio},
  title = {{Testing Auditory Illusions in Augmented Reality: Plausibility, Transfer-Plausibility, and Authenticity}},
  journal = {Journal of the Audio Engineering Society},
  volume = {72},
  number = {11},
  pages = {797--812},
  year = {2024},
  month = nov,
  publisher = {Audio Engineering Society},
  doi = {10.17743/jaes.2022.0178},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2022.0178}
}

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Testing Auditory Illusions in Augmented Reality: Plausibility, Transfer-Plausibility, and Authenticity
AU  - Meyer-Kahlen, Nils
AU  - Schlecht, Sebastian J.
AU  - Amengual Garí, Sebastià V.
AU  - Lokki, Tapio
T2  - Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
J2  - J. Audio Eng. Soc.
VL  - 72
IS  - 11
SP  - 797
EP  - 812
PY  - 2024
DA  - 2024/11/13
DO  - 10.17743/jaes.2022.0178
UR  - https://doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2022.0178
PB  - Audio Engineering Society
LA  - en
AB  - Experiments testing sound for augmented reality can involve real and virtual sound sources. Paradigms are either based on rating various acoustic attributes or testing whether a virtual sound source is believed to be real (i.e., evokes an auditory illusion). This study compares four experimental designs indicating such illusions. The first is an ABX task suitable for evaluation under the authenticity paradigm. The second is a Yes/No task, as proposed to evaluate plausibility. The third is a three-alternative-forced-choice (3AFC) task using different source signals for real and virtual, proposed to evaluate transfer-plausibility. Finally, a 2AFC task was tested. The renderings compared in the tests encompassed mismatches between real and virtual room acoustics. Results confirm that authenticity is hard to achieve under nonideal conditions, and ceiling effects occur because differences are always detected. Thus, the other paradigms are better suited for evaluating practical augmented reality audio systems. Detection analysis further shows that the 3AFC transfer-plausibility test is more sensitive than the 2AFC task. Moreover, participants are more sensitive to differences between real and virtual sources in the Yes/No task than theory predicts. This contribution aims to aid in selecting experimental paradigms in future experiments regarding perceptual and technical requirements for sound in augmented reality.
ER  -