Gain Normalization in Amplitude Panning as a Function of Frequency and Room Reverberance

Laitinen MV, Vilkamo J, Jussila K, Politis A, Pulkki V. Gain Normalization in Amplitude Panning as a Function of Frequency and Room Reverberance. In: AES Conference: 55th International Conference: Spatial Audio. Audio Engineering Society; 2014. Paper 3-5. Available from: https://aes.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=17363

@inproceedings{Laitinen2014_17363,
  author = {Laitinen, Mikko-Ville and Vilkamo, Juha and Jussila, Kai and Politis, Archontis and Pulkki, Ville},
  title = {{Gain Normalization in Amplitude Panning as a Function of Frequency and Room Reverberance}},
  booktitle = {AES Conference: 55th International Conference: Spatial Audio},
  note = {Paper 3-5},
  year = {2014},
  month = aug,
  publisher = {Audio Engineering Society},
  url = {https://aes.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=17363}
}

TY  - CPAPER
TI  - Gain Normalization in Amplitude Panning as a Function of Frequency and Room Reverberance
AU  - Laitinen, Mikko-Ville
AU  - Vilkamo, Juha
AU  - Jussila, Kai
AU  - Politis, Archontis
AU  - Pulkki, Ville
T2  - AES Conference: 55th International Conference: Spatial Audio
M1  - Paper 3-5
PY  - 2014
DA  - 2014/08/06
UR  - https://aes.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=17363
PB  - Audio Engineering Society
LA  - en
AB  - Amplitude panning produces virtual sources between a pair or a triplet of loudspeakers by applying the same signal to the loudspeakers with different gains. The gains should be normalized in some way to ensure a constant perceived loudness of the panned source. Due to distance differences from the loudspeakers to the ear canals, the superimposed sounds at the ear canals are affected in a frequency-dependent manner. Namely, coherent summation can be assumed at low frequencies while at higher frequencies larger phase differences lead towards incoherent summation. Furthermore, the spectral effects caused by phase differences are larger in dry spaces than in reverberant ones. These features relate to the perceived loudness of different frequency components of the virtual source and motivate a frequency- and room-dependent gain normalization for amplitude panning. In this study, a practical gain-normalization strategy is proposed that is based on simulations. The proposed normalization predicted well the results of a formal listening test in different room types.
ER  -