Modeling Nonlinearity of Air with Volterra Kernels for Use in a Parametric Array Loudspeaker

Lee KCM, Yang J, Gan WS, Er MH. Modeling Nonlinearity of Air with Volterra Kernels for Use in a Parametric Array Loudspeaker. In: AES Convention 112. Audio Engineering Society; 2002. Paper 5635. Available from: https://aes.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=11416

@inproceedings{Lee2002_11416,
  author = {Lee, Kelvin Chee-Mun and Yang, Jun and Gan, Woon Seng and Er, Meng-Hwa},
  title = {{Modeling Nonlinearity of Air with Volterra Kernels for Use in a Parametric Array Loudspeaker}},
  booktitle = {AES Convention 112},
  note = {Paper 5635},
  year = {2002},
  month = apr,
  publisher = {Audio Engineering Society},
  url = {https://aes.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=11416}
}

TY  - CPAPER
TI  - Modeling Nonlinearity of Air with Volterra Kernels for Use in a Parametric Array Loudspeaker
AU  - Lee, Kelvin Chee-Mun
AU  - Yang, Jun
AU  - Gan, Woon Seng
AU  - Er, Meng-Hwa
T2  - AES Convention 112
M1  - Paper 5635
PY  - 2002
DA  - 2002/04/06
UR  - https://aes.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=11416
PB  - Audio Engineering Society
LA  - en
AB  - The use of a parametric array in air as a directional audio loudspeaker has been reported in previous literature and the self-demodulation phenomenon is well-understood to seriously distort the generated audible sound as a result of inter-modulation distortion. We propose to model the nonlinear interaction in air using a second-order Volterra kernel at the Rayleigh distance within which sound intensity and parametric conversion efficiency are assumed to be high. Results first obtained from Burgers' equation-based numerical simulations and actual measurements are then used in the nonlinear system identification process.
ER  -