Dipole Loudspeaker Response in Listening Rooms

Kates JM. Dipole Loudspeaker Response in Listening Rooms. J Audio Eng Soc. 2002;50(5):363-374. Available from: https://aes.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=11078

@article{Kates2002_11078,
  author = {Kates, James M.},
  title = {{Dipole Loudspeaker Response in Listening Rooms}},
  journal = {Journal of the Audio Engineering Society},
  volume = {50},
  number = {5},
  pages = {363--374},
  year = {2002},
  month = may,
  publisher = {Audio Engineering Society},
  url = {https://aes.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=11078}
}

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dipole Loudspeaker Response in Listening Rooms
AU  - Kates, James M.
T2  - Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
J2  - J. Audio Eng. Soc.
VL  - 50
IS  - 5
SP  - 363
EP  - 374
PY  - 2002
DA  - 2002/05/06
UR  - https://aes.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=11078
PB  - Audio Engineering Society
LA  - en
AB  - A dipole loudspeaker radiates from both its front and its rear surfaces, with the radiation from the rear 180° out of phase with the radiation from the front. A conventional monopole loudspeaker is a pressure source, but a dipole loudspeaker is a velocity source. The dipole frequency response in the room thus depends on orientation as well as on room location. The directional pattern of a dipole, however, can provide better auditory localization than a monopole when the dipole is angled into the room. A simulation study is presented of the effects of room placement and orientation angle on the frequency response of a dipole loudspeaker in a room. The frequency response using a two-dimensional room model is computed, and a perceptual model is used to estimate the importance of the room response effects in coloring the reproduced sound. The simulation results indicate that the response of a dipole is more sensitive to changes in room position than that of a monopole, and that it is also sensitive to the angle of orientation within the room.
ER  -