A low-frequency loudspeaker system has been designed and tested that has a cardiolike radiation pattern. The system is based on a combination of a monopole and a dipole source. These sources are obtained by feeding two closely spaced loudspeaker drivers with specially preprocessed audio signals. The design has been tested with simulations and measurements on a laboratory test model. It can be applied in public-address systems, where the directivity can be used to reduce the howl back at low frequencies and also to avoid the generation of unwanted reflections and reverberation. A special application is found in wave field synthesis arrays, also with the benefit of reducing radiation in unwanted directions.
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