A nonlinear model of a loudspeaker motor that takes into consideration eddy currents is proposed. Pole piece and top plate surfaces adjacent to the voice coil gap are modeled by frequency-dependent ring conductors. The resulting flux caused by the permanent magnet, voice coil current, and eddy currents flowing in ring conductors is calculated by FEM. Nonlinear distortion and the impedance curve are derived from the solution of differential equations describing voice coil movement.
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