A number of approaches have been used in the design of concert-sound loudspeaker arrays. The basic requirements for large-scale sound reinforcement are introduced, and the acoustic power summation of multiple sources is investigated in terms of amplitude response, directivity, and time delay. Experimental data are presented for a variety of multidimensional horn arrays, demonstrating the effect of spacing and angular displacement between source elements as a function of the directional characteristics of the individual sources. This information is used to develop guidelines for the design of large-scale concert arrays.
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