Impulse and step responses are presented and discussed for several different linear signal-processing systems each of which has prescribed frequency response characteristics. These transient responses can be qualitatively related to the deviations of magnitude and/or group delay responses from an ideally flat characteristic, that is, to frequency-domain measures of linear distortion. Examination and study of this pictorial catalog, which displays both time and frequency-domain properties jointly for 35 different cases, can provide practical and perhaps intuitive understanding of the interrelationships between these two domains without resort to mathematical transform techniques. Required basic definitions are given, and the significance of relevant quantities is discussed. Some toneburst responses are also included. For 14 cases exact mathematical expressions describing each response shape are given. Both minimum-phase and nonminimum-phase systems are considered. All of these results are tutorially interesting and many of them should be especially useful to those who perform or interpret practical measurements in either time or frequency domain.
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