The Low Frequency Effect or LFE channel originally developed for use in film sound has now become a common tool for immersive music mixers looking to enhance low frequency program material. Extra warmth and power can be easily added using this single channel of exclusively low frequency content, normally band limited to 20-120Hz. Potential problems may arise, however, as LFE level settings vary greatly from room to room. Downmixes from multichannel to binaural renders may exhibit some cancellation when the LFE is summed with other channels such as left, right and center. The filtering of the LFE channel may also affect the result of channel summing in down-mixes, whether minimum or linear phase is used. Various low frequency measurements are shown in the paper, comparing the differences between summing processes and filter types used for binaural renderers currently in use by a few commercial streaming services.
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