Convention Paper
Reluctance Force Compensation for the Nonlinear Control of a Loudspeaker
AES Convention 149 · Paper 10425 · October 2020
Abstract
The motor structure of a conventional electrodynamic loudspeaker driver relies on a Lorentz force to move the loudspeaker diaphragm and generate sound. The reluctance force is an undesired consequence of this very motion, causing the displacement of the diaphragm to be other than that intended based on the Lorentz force acting alone. In other words, the reluctance force generates distortion in the audio output. Reluctance force compensation provides a method for controlling the motion of the diaphragm, taking into account the excursion dependent variation of the voice-coil inductance that generates the reluctance force. Based on a target diaphragm displacement, a nonlinear control algorithm utilizing reluctance force compensation calculates a corrected drive signal to drive the loudspeaker, producing a more ideal trajectory of the diaphragm, and reducing distortion in the audio output.
