Transmission Line loudspeakers use a tube behind the driver that is lined, or filled, with absorber to remove the rear radiation. They also use the resonances of the pipe to support the radiation of the driver and reduce displacement at low frequencies. While lumped element models are used for modeling sealed and vented box enclosures, they cannot be used for transmission line loudspeakers because they cannot be accurately modeled as a lumped element. Finite Element and Boundary Element models can be used but they are complex and computationally expensive. A cascaded two port method has been developed that can model varying tube area and absorption. It has been evaluated against acoustic measurements and shown to provide accurate predictions.
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