Forensic Authenticity Analyses of the Header Data in Re-Encoded WMA Files from Small Olympus Audio Recorders

Koenig BE, Lacey DS. Forensic Authenticity Analyses of the Header Data in Re-Encoded WMA Files from Small Olympus Audio Recorders. J Audio Eng Soc. 2012;60(4):255-265. Available from: https://aes.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=16219

@article{Koenig2012_16219,
  author = {Koenig, Bruce E. and Lacey, Douglas S.},
  title = {{Forensic Authenticity Analyses of the Header Data in Re-Encoded WMA Files from Small Olympus Audio Recorders}},
  journal = {Journal of the Audio Engineering Society},
  volume = {60},
  number = {4},
  pages = {255--265},
  year = {2012},
  month = apr,
  publisher = {Audio Engineering Society},
  url = {https://aes.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=16219}
}

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Forensic Authenticity Analyses of the Header Data in Re-Encoded WMA Files from Small Olympus Audio Recorders
AU  - Koenig, Bruce E.
AU  - Lacey, Douglas S.
T2  - Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
J2  - J. Audio Eng. Soc.
VL  - 60
IS  - 4
SP  - 255
EP  - 265
PY  - 2012
DA  - 2012/04/06
UR  - https://aes.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=16219
PB  - Audio Engineering Society
LA  - en
AB  - When questioned as forensic evidence, audio recordings are frequently examined scientifically to insure that they have not been modified by being exported, edited, and then imported back to a recorder. For those recorders that use the Windows Media Audio (WMA) format, their authenticity can be determined, in part, by examination of the header data. Eleven audio recordings from three Olympus recorders were examined for changes in the digital header data, after being externally re-encoded by four common audio editing programs. All of the files were found to have undergone significant changes to the WMA header information by the re-encoding processes. Therefore, when conducting forensic authenticity analyses of WMA files, a detailed understanding of the header is required.
ER  -