Most systems for upmixing stereo content have traditionally used sums and differences of source signals, an arrangement referred to as matrixing. Matrix-based upmixers have evolved from passive operation to sophisticated active matrix designs, and have achieved widespread commercial use. This paper introduces a new algorithm for upmixing from two to five channels using a hybrid of both scale factor and variable matrix techniques. The algorithm applies equally well to both Lt/Rt-encoded and conventional stereo programs. It improves on traditional methods, providing better reproduction of the front sound stage, while anchoring center images for off center listeners and creating more compelling ambience and envelopment. Data from subjective listening tests are provided to support these conclusions.
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