A method for 3D upmixing based on stereo source separation and a primary-ambient decomposition is presented. The method separately renders primary and ambient components, and separately pans sources derived from the primary signal. Since all separated sources appear in the upmixed output, it is more important that the source separation method be free of audible artifacts than achieve a complete separation of the sources present. Typically, the mixing vector amplitude or energy is allocated to the various sources present, for instance all given to the most likely source, or allocated to each source in proportion to its likelihood. However, these choices produce ``musical` noise and source motion artifacts in the upmixed signal. Here, two sources are selected according to the mixing vector direction, and the mixing vector energy is allocated by inverting the panning matrix associated with the selected sources. Listening tests show an upmix with separated sources and few audible artifacts.
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