Audio signal processing systems for converting two-channel (stereo) recordings to four or five channels are increasingly relevant. These blind upmixers can be used to reproduce conventional stereo recordings with multichannel home-theatre or automotive spatial audio systems to create a more engaging and natural listening experience in terms of auditory spatial imagery. This paper discusses a number of design criteria for ensuring the upmixed sound scene maintains a spatial image fidelity true to the original 2/0 audio scene. These subjective criteria are presented as a method which can be analysed using both listening tests and electroacoustic measurements. Electronic performance of three upmixers are compared with respect to these criteria using stimuli containing both time-delay and amplitude panning.
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