AES Los Angeles 2016
Poster Session P13
P13 - Perception & Forensic Audio
Friday, September 30, 1:30 pm — 3:00 pm (Rm 403B)
P13-1 Determining the Muzzle Blast Duration and Acoustical Energy of Quasi-Anechoic Gunshot Recordings—Tushar Routh, Montana State University - Bozeman, MT, USA; Rob Maher, Montana State University - Bozeman, MT, USA
Investigation of gunshot waveforms largely includes analyzing the muzzle blast. Generated by the combustion of gunpowder immediately after firing, these brief duration directional shock waves travel outward in all directions at the speed of sound. Features of these waveforms are analyzed to identify characteristics of a particular shot, for example, the combination of firearm type, ammunition, and orientation. This paper includes measured muzzle blast durations for several common firearms and calculation of the total acoustical energy during the muzzle blast period.
Convention Paper 9635 (Purchase now)
P13-2 Analysis and Localization for ENF Signals in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area—Akira Nishimura, Tokyo University Information Sciences - Chiba-shi, Japan
This paper addresses the first investigation and analysis of electronic network frequency (ENF) signals in the Tokyo metropolitan area, Japan. Electric power signals are recorded directly from a clean power line at seven different sites simultaneously for several weeks. Instantaneous frequency measurements based on time-domain analytic signals are performed on bandpass-filtered electric power signals, therein providing higher temporal resolution compared with the conventional FFT-based method combined with quadratic interpolation for extracting ENFs. Spectro-temporal analysis of the fluctuations of the ENF signals reveals that temporal correlations between the fluctuation energy in the frequency range of 0.4 Hz to 1.0 Hz obtained at different sites are inversely correlated to the geographical distances between the sites. The similarities of the spectro-temporal ENFs obtained from different sites show generally higher correlations with the geographical distances than the similarities of high-pass-filtered ENFs. Location estimation using linear regression between the similarities of spectro-temporal ENFs and the geographical distances of the anchor sites predicts the location of a target site with a mean prediction error of approximately 20 to 30 km.
Convention Paper 9636 (Purchase now)
P13-3 Does Environmental Noise Influence Preference of Background-Foreground Audio Balance?—Tim Walton, Newcastle University - Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; BBC Research and Development - Salford, UK; Michael Evans, BBC Research & Development - Salford, Greater Manchester, UK; David Kirk, Newcastle University - Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK; Frank Melchior, BBC Research and Development - Salford, UK
With an increase in the consumption of mobile media, audio is being consumed in a range of contexts. The literature describes several techniques to improve the experience of mobile listening by utilizing information about the environmental noise of the listening environment, however, none of the previous work utilizes object-based audio. This paper investigates the possibility of using object-based audio to improve the experience of mobile listening by investigating whether environmental noise influences preference of background-foreground audio balance. A listening test was carried out in which listeners were asked to adjust the background-foreground balance to their preference while in the presence of reproduced environmental noise. It was found that environmental noise can have a significant effect on preferred background-foreground balance.
Convention Paper 9637 (Purchase now)
P13-4 Evaluation of a Perceptually-Based Model of “Punch” with Music Material—Steven Fenton, University of Huddersfield - Huddersfield, West Yorkshire, UK; Hyunkook Lee, University of Huddersfield - Huddersfield, UK; Jonathan Wakefield, University of Huddersfield - Huddersfield, UK
This paper evaluates a perceptually motivated objective model for the measurement of “punch” in musical signals. Punch is a perceptual attribute that is often used to characterize music that conveys a sense of dynamic power or weight. A methodology is employed that combines signal separation, onset detection, and low level parameter measurement to produce a perceptually weighted “punch” score. The model is evaluated against subjective scores derived through a forced pairwise comparison listening test using a wide variety of musical stimuli. The model output indicates a high degree of correlation with the subjective scores. Correlation results are also compared to other objective models such as Crest Factor, Inter-Band-Ratio (IBR), Peak-to-Loudness Ratio (PLR), and Loudness Dynamic Range (LDR).
Convention Paper 9638 (Purchase now)