AES Budapest 2012
Paper Session P5
P5 - Recording and Production
Thursday, April 26, 14:30 — 18:30 (Room: Lehar)
Chair:
Balazs Bank
P5-1 Automated Horizontal Orchestration Based on Multichannel Musical Recordings—Maximos Kaliakatsos-Papakostas, University of Patras - Patras, Greece; Andreas Floros, Ionian University - Cordu, Greece; Michael N. Vrahatis, University of Patras - Patras, Greece
Orchestration of computer-aided music composition aims to approximate musical expression using vertical instrument sound combinations, i.e., through finding appropriate sets of instruments to replicate synthesized sound samples. In this paper we focus on horizontal orchestration replication, i.e., the potential of replicating the instantaneous intensity variation of a number of instruments that comprise an existing, target music recording. A method that efficiently performs horizontal orchestration replication is provided, based on the calculation of the instrumental Intensity Variation Curves. It is shown that this approach achieves perceptually accurate automated orchestration replication when combined with automated music generation algorithms.
Convention Paper 8596 (Purchase now)
P5-2 The Effect of Scattering on Sound Field Control with a Circular Double-Layer Array of Loudspeakers—Jiho Chang, Finn Jacobsen, Technical University of Denmark - Lyngby, Denmark
A recent study has shown that a circular double-layer array of loudspeakers makes it possible to achieve a sound field control that can generate a controlled field inside the array and reduce sound waves propagating outside the array. This is useful if it is desirable not to disturb people outside the array or to prevent the effect of reflections from the room. The study assumed free field condition, however in practice a listener will be located inside the array. The listener scatters sound waves, which propagate outward. Consequently, the scattering effect can be expected to degrade the performance of the system. This paper computationally examines the scattering effect based on the simple assumption that the listener’s head is a rigid sphere. In addition, methods to solve the problem are discussed.
Convention Paper 8597 (Purchase now)
P5-3 The Equidome, a Personal Spatial Reproduction Array—Late Cancellation—James L. Barbour, Swinburne University of Technology - Melbourne, Australia
Late Cancellation: This paper will not be presented.
Convention Paper 8598 (Purchase now)
P5-4 A Clipping Detector for Layout-Independent Multichannel Audio Production—Giulio Cengarle, Toni Mateos, Fundació Barcelona Media - Barcelona, Spain
In layout-independent audio production, content is produced independently from the number of channels and their location, so that it can be played-back in different multichannel setups. In such contexts, sound is monitored through a playback system that might differ from the potentially many exhibition layouts. Signals combine to the outputs of each playback system in a different way and may produce clipping in some loudspeakers. A method is presented for detecting and quantitatively estimating clipping in the output stage of such systems, based on a suitable definition of a worst-case loudspeaker layout, and associated audio scene rotation and decoding. Practical examples are provided to validate the algorithm.
Convention Paper 8599 (Purchase now)
P5-5 Evaluation of Spatial Impression Comparing Surround with Height Channels for 3-D Imagery—Toru Kamekawa, Atsushi Marui, Tokyo University of the Arts - Tokyo, Japan; Toshihiko Date, Aiko Kawanaka, AVC Networks Company, Panasonic Corporation - Osaka, Japan; Masaaki Enatsu, marimoRECORDS Inc. - Tokyo, Japan
Three-dimensional (3-D) imagery is now widely spreading as one of the next visual formats for Blu-ray or other future media. Since more audio channels are available with future media, the authors aim to find the suitable sound format for 3-D imagery. Semantic Differential method using 24 attributes such as “presence,” “naturalness,” and “preference” was carried out comparing combinations of 3-D and 2-D imagery with 2-channel stereo, 5-channel surround, and 7-channel surround sound (5-channel surround plus 2 height channels). Three factors (spatial factor, preference factor, and quality factor) were extracted from the results of Factor Analysis. Combination of the 3-D imagery with 7-channel surround gives higher scores at all those three factors.
Convention Paper 8600 (Purchase now)
P5-6 Microphone Array Design for Localization with Elevation Cues—Michael Williams, Sounds of Scotland - Le Perreux sur Marne, France
Analysis of the HRTF characteristics with respect to both azimuth and elevation localization cues would seem to suggest that, while inter-aural time difference and inter-aural level difference information give strong azimuth localization cues, we only have spectral variations in the vertical plane to generate localization cues with respect to elevation. Of course positioning of a second layer of loudspeakers above the horizontal reference plane will already introduce listener spectral differences relative to the horizontal plane reproduction, but the microphone array that feeds this second layer must not generate information that will be in conflict with the localization cues already generated in the horizontal plane of the first layer or main array. In the event of time difference and level difference information being generated between microphones in both layers, localization characteristics must be considered as projected onto the main horizontal plane of localization information.
Convention Paper 8601 (Purchase now)
P5-7 General Integral Equation for the With-Height Reproduction of a Focused Source Inside—Jung-Woo Choi, Yang-Hann Kim, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) - Deajeon, Korea
A general integral formula to reproduce sound field from a virtual sound source located inside secondary sources is proposed. The proposed formula extends the theory on the focused sound source of Wave Field Synthesis for the reproduction of three-dimensional sound field. To resolve the non-existence problem involved with the reproduction of a source inside, an alternative sound field satisfying homogeneous wave equation is derived. The Kirchhoff-Helmholtz integral is reformulated in such a way that the alternative field is reproduced in terms of the secondary sources distributed on a surface. Then the general equation is reduced to simpler forms using various approximations, such as single layer formula reproducing the sound field only by monopole sound sources.
Convention Paper 8602 (Purchase now)
P5-8 Evaluation of a New Active Acoustics System in Performances of Five String Quartets—Doyuen Ko, Wieslaw Woszczyk, Sonh Hui Chon, McGill University - Montreal, Quebec, Canada
An innovative electro-acoustic enhancement system, based on measured high-resolution impulse responses, was developed at the Virtual Acoustics Technology (VAT) lab of McGill University and was permanently installed in Multi-Media Room, a large rectangular scoring stage. Standard acoustic measures confirmed that the system was able to effectively improve room acoustic conditions in both spectral and spatial parameters. Subjective evaluation was conducted with twenty professional musicians from five string quartets on three different acoustic conditions. Spatial impression, stage support, and tonal quality were found to be three most dominant perceptual dimensions, while “naturalism of reverberation” was the most salient attribute affecting musicians’ preferences. Results showed a strong preference for enhanced acoustics over natural acoustics of the space.
Convention Paper 8603 (Purchase now)
